Media Timeline: 1861-1900

1861

end of Pony Express in US

first colour photography

1862

drawing is sent over a wire by Caselli

first US national paper money

1863

uniform postage rates in US

rollerskates invented

1865

Atlantic cable links US and Europe

Nokia established as pulp and paper mill

1866

Holt founded

1867

Cahalan invents stock ticker

1868

writing machine first called a 'Type-Writer'

1869

establishment of N W Ayer, first US ad agency

UK private telegraph companies nationalised

transcontinental railway completed in US

Suez Canal

1870

stock ticker used by Wall Street

first British postcard devised by Anthony Trollope

1871

Bates establishes first ad agency offering "creative services"

Hoe perfects continuous roll press

first newspaper printing of pictures (using halftone)

Paris Commune

Rudolf Mosse founds Berliner Tageblat

1872

simultaneous transmission from both ends of a telegraph wire

US$1 million budget for advertising Lydia Pinkham's Pink Pills

Overland Telegraph Line links Melbourne to Darwin, with connection to Europe

1873

D'Alzon founds Bonne Presse and Pelerin

US 'Comstock Act' criminalises use of mail for distributing any 'obscene, lewd or lascivious book or other publication of indecent character'

illustrated daily newspaper appears in New York

Maxwell publishes theory of radio waves

Dewey develops Dewey Decimal System for Amherst College Library

Remington starts manufacturing Sholes' typewriters

typewriters get the QWERTY pseudo-scientific keyboard

Parmalee invents automatic fire sprinklers

Mith and May note photoconductivity of selenium

1874

Universal Postal Union (UPU) formed

Yomiuri Shimbun founded

1875

mimeograph invented by Edison

UK Trade Marks Registration Act establishes Trade Marks Registry

John Wiley & Son incorporated

1875 Collier & Son founded

1876

Bell invents telephone

Corriere della Sera founded

Chugai bukka shinpo (later Nikkei Shimbun) founded

1877

Washington Post founded

Leopold Ullstein founds Ullstein publishing house

Charles Cros and Thomas Edison invent phonograph

first commercial telephone is introduced

Algernon Borthwick (later Lord Glenesk) buys London Morning Post

1878

Edweard Muybridge photographs horse in motion

Scripps newspaper group founded

forerunner of Egmont formed

cathode ray tube invented by Crookes

microphone invented

telephone directories are issued

full page newspaper ads

dry-plate photography

1879

Benday process assists newspaper illustration

first telephone service in Australia connects Melbourne and South Melbourne offices of Robinson Brothers

Sydney Daily Telegraph appears

Asahi Shimbun founded

Dahl's 'sulfate' method for practical manufacture of paper from wood pulp

Frege proposes notational system for mechanical reasoning

1880

first photos in newspapers using halftones

Edison and Swan invent electric light

first parcel post

US-owned telephone companies in UK merge to form United Telephone Company (later National Telephone Co)

first Australian telephone exchange opened in Melbourne

telecommunications company Bell Canada established

Ricordi buys Francesco Lucca publishing house

1882

Married Womens' Property Act in UK

first wirephotos

first national US ad (by P&G for Ivory soap)

1883

Stillwell invents brown paper bag

Allgemeine Elektrizitäts Gesellschaft (AEG) founded by Emil Rathenau, licences Edison's electrical patents

Curtis founds Ladies' Home Journal

August Scherl founds Berliner Lokal-Anzeiger

1884

Vort Arbeid newspaper founded

early version of television technology - Nipkow scanning disk

long distance telephone calls

electric tabulator

Waterman's fountain pen

1885

AT&T formed

cylinder-based dictating machines

coated photo printing paper made by Eastman

1886

Mergenthaler's linotype machine

Sears Roebuck, forerunner of Amazon.com, starts mail-order business

first Berne Copyright Convention

Coca-Cola syrup invented

Hollerith forms Tabulating Machine Company

1887

est. 5,400 cash registers in US (increases to 16,900 in 1890)

celluloid film

US Interstate Commerce Act

Berliner patents phonographic disk

Comptometer multi-function adding machine is manufactured

Bodley Head founded

dynamite invented

Hutchinson founded

Winfrey buys Spalding Guardian

1888

Kodak box camera

Hertz proves existence of radio waves

coin-operated public telephone

J M Dent founded

Burroughs patents adding machine

1889

Hollerith's punch card machine used in US census

automatic telephone exchange

1890

AB Dick markets mimeograph

New York Phonograph Co opens first purpose-built recording studio

zipper

rotogravure press

Constable founded

1891

telephoto lens is attached to the camera

first telephone link between London & Paris

International Copyright Convention

Koninklijke Philips (Philips) founded by Gerard Philips as light globe manufacturer

1892

Edison and Dickson invent peep-show Kinetoscope

4-colour rotary press

portable typewriters

Herman Ridder buys New York Staats-Zeitung

1893

Coca-Cola trademark registered

1894

Marconi invents wireless telegraphy

Editions Salabert founded

1895

Lumière Bros invent Cinématograph

Friese-Greene invents phototypesetting

Kellogg's Corn Flakes

first Times Atlas of the World

1896

first edition of Daily Mail

Henry Ford builds Quadricycle

Underwood model permits typists to see what they are typing

X-ray photography invented

first US cinema opens

Alden Blethen buys Seattle Times

1897

Braun invents cathode-ray tube

General Electric creates corporate publicity department

Curtis launches Saturday Evening Post

Robert Collier revamps Collier's Weekly

1898

photographs taken by artificial light

New York State passes law against misleading advertising

Duckworth founded

Kauppalehti daily founded

James M Cox buys Dayton Evening News

1899

loudspeaker is invented

magnetic sound recording

American Marconi Company (forerunner of RCA)

Burroughs Adding Machine Company founded

Johan Vaaler invents paperclip

Thorsten Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class

Kraus launches Die Fackel

1900

Kodak Brownie

est. 1.4 million telephones, 8,000 registered automobiles and 24 million electric light bulbs in US

'television' coined in France

price of 'chemical' wood pulp reaches US$36 per tonne, down from US$344 per tonne in 1866

'His Master's Voice' (HMV) registered as trademark in Britain.